{"id":1984,"date":"2026-09-10T17:38:27","date_gmt":"2026-09-10T16:38:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/?page_id=1984"},"modified":"2026-09-16T10:56:19","modified_gmt":"2026-09-16T09:56:19","slug":"ring-generator","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/","title":{"rendered":"Three-Phase Toroidal System"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/10-SistemaToroidaleTrifase-j.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/10-SistemaToroidaleTrifase-j.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/10-SistemaToroidaleTrifase-j-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/10-SistemaToroidaleTrifase-j-1024x683.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row us_custom_c70c97eb height_small width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_middle type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container us_custom_2c45f91b\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If something can&#8217;t be done, we make it happen.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container type_sticky\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-separator size_large\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">Three-Phase Toroidal System \u2014 V7.0-R&amp;D<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">FEASIBILITY STUDY \u00b7 MODELING \u00b7 SIMULATION \u00b7 PROTOTYPING \u00b7 EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION<\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_large\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>The<span> <\/span><strong>Three-Phase Toroidal System V7.0-R&amp;D<\/strong><span> <\/span>is a research and development project focused on the study of an integrated energy conversion system based on a three-phase toroidal architecture.<\/p>\n<p>The architecture is designed to integrate<span> <\/span><strong>physical, fluidic, mechanical, electromagnetic, and physicochemical phenomena<\/strong><span> <\/span>within a unified conversion system, with the aim of characterizing its energetic and exergetic performance and experimentally determining its potential.<\/p>\n<p>The project integrates geometric, kinematic, hydraulic, dynamic, electromagnetic, and thermophysical modeling, linking the energy source to mechanical motion and mechanical motion to electrical conversion.<\/p>\n<h3>MODEL \u2192 SIMULATION \u2192 PROTOTYPE \u2192 MEASUREMENT \u2192 ENERGY BALANCE \u2192 VALIDATION<\/h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>The V7.0-R&amp;D is designed to experimentally determine the actual potential of the architecture and the integrated energy source.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/14-Architettura-j-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/14-Architettura-j-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/14-Architettura-j-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/14-Architettura-j.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container type_sticky\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">01 \u2014 ARCHITECTURE<\/h1>\n<h2>3 MODULES \u00b7 THREE-PHASE CONFIGURATION \u00b7 120\u00b0 PHASE SHIFT<\/h2>\n<p><strong>M1 \u2014 0\u00b0 \u00b7 M2 \u2014 120\u00b0 \u00b7 M3 \u2014 240\u00b0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The system consists of<span> <\/span><strong>three functional modules integrated into a toroidal structure<\/strong>, each associated with one phase of the three-phase configuration.<\/p>\n<p>The 120\u00b0 phase shift enables the coordinated behavior of the three modules, the distribution of forces, the work per cycle, and the overall energy conversion process to be investigated.<\/p>\n<p>Each module comprises:<\/p>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"1\">\n<li>gas chamber;<\/li>\n<li>moving assembly;<\/li>\n<li>hydraulic chamber;<\/li>\n<li><span>electromechanical conversion system;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>measurement and data acquisition system.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"2\">REFERENCE PARAMETERS<\/h2>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"3\">\n<li><span>Mean Toroidal Diameter:<\/span> <strong>250 mm<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span>Piston Diameter: <\/span><strong>38 mm<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span>Peak-to-Peak Stroke:<\/span> <strong>40 mm<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span>Amplitude:<\/span> <strong>20 mm<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span>Reference Frequency: <\/span><strong>25 Hz<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Volume spostato:<span> <\/span><strong>\u2248 45,36 mL\/ciclo<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"4\">The mean geometric circumference, approximately<span> <strong>785.4 mm<\/strong><\/span>, serves as a geometric reference for the architecture.<\/p>\n<p>The effective hydraulic length will be determined by the final CAD geometry and the configuration of the fluidic network.<\/p>\n<h2>FROM ENERGY SOURCE TO MECHANICAL MOTION<\/h2>\n<p>The model distinguishes between the pressure associated with the energy source and the pressure effectively available to the moving assembly:<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u209b\u2092\u1d63g \u2192 P\u1d33 \u2192 \u0394P \u2192 MOTION<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>where:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0394P = P\u1d33 \u2212 P\u1d34<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>where:<\/p>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"5\">\n<li><strong>P\u1d33<\/strong><span> <\/span>= gas chamber pressure;<\/li>\n<li><strong>P\u1d34<\/strong><span> <\/span>= hydraulic chamber pressure;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394P<\/strong><span> <\/span>= differential pressure acting on the moving assembly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"6\">The differential pressure provides the link between the energy source and the system dynamics.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/15-ModelloFisico-j-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/15-ModelloFisico-j-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/15-ModelloFisico-j-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/15-ModelloFisico-j.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">02 \u2014 PHYSICAL MODEL<\/h1>\n<h2>KINEMATICS \u00b7 HYDRAULICS \u00b7 P\u2013V CYCLE<\/h2>\n<p>The preliminary model considers a three-phase sinusoidal motion:<\/p>\n<p><strong>x\u1d62(t) = X\u2090 \u00b7 sin(\u03c9t + \u03c6\u1d62)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>where:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03c6\u1d62 = {0\u00b0, 120\u00b0, 240\u00b0}<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>and:<\/p>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"7\">\n<li><strong>f = 25 Hz<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>T = 40 ms<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03c9 = 157,08 rad\/s<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u2090 = 20 mm<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"8\">These parameters theoretically yield:<\/p>\n<p><strong>v\u2098\u2090\u2093 \u2248 3,142 m\/s<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>a\u2098\u2090\u2093 \u2248 493,5 m\/s\u00b2 \u2248 50,3 g<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>These values define the reference kinematic behavior and provide the basis for subsequent dynamic, structural, and manufacturability assessments.<\/p>\n<h2>VOLUME AND FLOW RATE<\/h2>\n<p>For each module:<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u209b \u2248 45,36 mL\/ciclo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u209b \/ T \u2248 1,134 L\/s \u2248 68 L\/min<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The theoretical peak flow rate associated with the sinusoidal motion is:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q\u209a\u2091\u2090\u2096 \u2248 3,56 L\/s \u2248 214 L\/min<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In the ideal sinusoidal reciprocating model:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q\u2099\u2091\u209c = 0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The oscillatory flow rate therefore represents the reciprocating motion of the fluid.<\/p>\n<p>Any nonzero net flow depends on the fluidic configuration and the presence of a mechanism that breaks flow reciprocity.<\/p>\n<h2>HYDRAULIC MODEL<\/h2>\n<p>The preliminary behavior of the network is represented in terms of:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0394P = L\u1d34 \u00b7 dQ\/dt + R\u1d34 \u00b7 Q + \u0394P\u1d38\u1d3c\u1d9c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>where:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0394P\u1d38\u1d3c\u1d9c = K \u00b7 \u03c1 \u00b7 v\u00b2 \/ 2<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The model considers:<\/p>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"9\">\n<li>fluid inertia;<\/li>\n<li>distributed losses;<\/li>\n<li>minor losses;<\/li>\n<li>compressibility;<\/li>\n<li>flow regime;<\/li>\n<li>turbulence;<\/li>\n<li>cavitation;<\/li>\n<li>Geometric characteristics of the network.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"10\">Scientific English Translation<\/p>\n<p>The relevant parameters will be determined through modeling, simulation, and experimental characterization.<\/p>\n<h2>PRESSURE\u2013VOLUME CYCLE<\/h2>\n<p>The work associated with the cycle is determined by:<\/p>\n<p><strong>W\u1d3e\u2c7d = \u222e \u0394P(t) \u00b7 dV<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>i.e.:<\/p>\n<p><strong>W\u1d3e\u2c7d = \u222e [P\u1d33(t) \u2212 P\u1d34(t)] \u00b7 dV<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The area enclosed by the cycle<span> <\/span><strong>P\u2013V<\/strong><span> <\/span>constitutes the basis for determining the net work of the cycle.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/16-ConversioneEnergetica-j-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/16-ConversioneEnergetica-j-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/16-ConversioneEnergetica-j-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/16-ConversioneEnergetica-j.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">03 \u2014 ENERGY CONVERSION<\/h1>\n<h2>FROM MECHANICAL WORK TO ELECTRICAL ENERGY<\/h2>\n<p>The energy conversion chain is investigated through:<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u209borg \u2192 \u0394P \u2192 Q \u2192 W\u1d3e\u2c7d \u2192 W\u2098\u2091cc,net \u2192 W\u1d31\u1d39 \u2192 E\u2091 \u2192 P\u2091<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The net mechanical work accounts for the work produced by the cycle and the losses associated with the fluidic, mechanical, and electromagnetic subsystems:<\/p>\n<p><strong>W\u2098\u2091cc,net = W\u1d3e\u2c7d \u2212 W\u209a\u2091\u1d63d\u1d62\u209c\u2091<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>ELECTROMECHANICAL COUPLING<\/h2>\n<p>The linear generator is an integral part of the system dynamics.<\/p>\n<p>The electromagnetic model accounts for:<\/p>\n<p><strong>V = R \u00b7 I + d\u03bb\/dt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03bb = \u03bb(x,I)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>F\u1d31\u1d39 = F\u1d31\u1d39(x,I)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The electromagnetic force is fed back into the system dynamics:<\/p>\n<p><strong>m\u2091q \u00b7 x\u0308 = A\u209a \u00b7 \u0394P \u2212 F\u2097\u2092\u209b\u209b \u2212 F\u1d31\u1d39<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The generator therefore constitutes an integral part of the system dynamics.<span> <\/span><strong>electromechanical load coupled to the motion<\/strong>, directly contributing to the system dynamics and energy conversion.<\/p>\n<h2>OVERALL EFFICIENCY<\/h2>\n<p>The conversion process is analyzed through:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03b7\u209c\u2092\u209c = \u03b7\u2095yd \u00b7 \u03b7\u2098\u2091ch \u00b7 \u03b7\u1d31\u1d39 \u00b7 \u03b7\u2091\u2097\u2091c<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Overall efficiency depends on the actual characteristics of the individual subsystems and their interactions.<\/p>\n<h1>DESIGN TARGETS<\/h1>\n<h2><strong>P\u2091,total = 3 kW\u2091<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The value of<span> <\/span><strong>3 kW\u2091<\/strong><span> <\/span>constitutes the reference design target for the V7.0-R&amp;D.<\/p>\n<p>As a preliminary reference:<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u2091,module = 1 kW\u2091<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>E\u2091,module = 40 J\/ciclo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03b7\u2098\u2091cc\u2192e = 80%<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>from which:<\/p>\n<p><strong>W\u2098\u2091cc,benchmark \u2248 50 J\/ciclo\/modulo<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>These values serve as design references for the development of the architecture and for comparison among the model, simulation, and prototype.<\/p>\n<h2>TARGET \u2260 RESULT<\/h2>\n<p>The actual achievable electrical power will be determined by the integrated behavior of the energy source, fluidic system, mechanical dynamics, and electromagnetic conversion.<\/p>\n<p>The value of<span> <\/span><strong>3 kW\u2091<\/strong><span> <\/span>therefore represents<span> <\/span><strong>a design objective rather than a demonstrated result<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h1>ENERGY BALANCE<\/h1>\n<p>Energy performance is analyzed through an overall energy balance:<\/p>\n<p><strong>E\u1d62\u2099 = E\u2091 + E\u2097\u2092\u209b\u209b + \u0394E\u209b\u209c\u2092\u1d63\u2091d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The energy balance accounts for:<\/p>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"11\">\n<li>all external energy inputs required for operation;<\/li>\n<li>energy transferred through the conversion process;<\/li>\n<li>electrical energy delivered to the load;<\/li>\n<li>fluidic losses;<\/li>\n<li>mechanical losses;<\/li>\n<li>electromagnetic and electrical losses;<\/li>\n<li>temporarily stored energy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"12\">Under steady-state periodic operation:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0394E\u209b\u209c\u2092\u1d63\u2091d \u2192 0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The energy balance enables the determination of the relationship among available energy, transferred energy, and overall losses.<\/p>\n<h1>PHYSICOCHEMICAL SOURCE<\/h1>\n<p>A central component of V7.0-R&amp;D involves the study of the<span> <\/span><strong>the energy and exergy potential associated with the source and the physicochemical transformations involved in the cycle.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The analysis distinguishes the energy content associated with a transformation from the fraction of energy that can be effectively transferred and converted through the architecture.<\/p>\n<h2>IONIC STATE<\/h2>\n<p>In the physicochemical model, the formation of ionic species associated with water is considered:<\/p>\n<p><strong>2 H\u2082O \u21cc H\u2083O\u207a + OH\u207b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The species<span> <\/span><strong>H\u2083O\u207a<\/strong><span> <\/span>and<span> <\/span><strong>OH\u207b<\/strong><span> <\/span>therefore represent a specific physicochemical state under investigation.<\/p>\n<p>The formation, persistence, distribution, and subsequent transformation of these species must be analyzed as a function of the operating conditions, physicochemical environment, interfaces, and energy-transfer mechanisms.<\/p>\n<p>The scientific literature further shows that the behavior of ionic species varies significantly depending on whether they are present in liquid water, at an interface, or in the gas phase.<\/p>\n<h1>THERMOCHEMICAL REFERENCE<\/h1>\n<p>For the transformation considered in the model:<\/p>\n<p><strong>2 H\u2082O(g) \u2192 H\u2083O\u207a(g) + OH\u207b(g)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>the thermochemical reference must be associated with<span> <\/span><strong>specific thermodynamic states and reference conditions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The corresponding value for the reverse transformation:<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u2083O\u207a(g) + OH\u207b(g) \u2192 2 H\u2082O(g)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>represents the enthalpy change of the reaction.<\/p>\n<p>This value<span> <\/span><strong>must not be interpreted directly as available mechanical or electrical energy.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The amount of energy that can actually be transferred to the system must be determined by considering:<\/p>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"13\">\n<li>the energy required to form the ionic state;<\/li>\n<li>operating conditions;<\/li>\n<li>the actual transformation pathway;<\/li>\n<li>heat transfer;<\/li>\n<li>mass transfer;<\/li>\n<li>interactions with surfaces and interfaces;<\/li>\n<li>thermal, mechanical, and electromagnetic losses;<\/li>\n<li>overall energy balance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1 data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"15\">H\u2082\/O\u2082 GAS PHASE<\/h1>\n<p>The source configuration also includes a<span> <\/span><strong>H\u2082\/O\u2082-based gas phase<\/strong>, considered part of the physicochemical pathway under investigation.<\/p>\n<p>The reference transformation is:<\/p>\n<p><strong>2 H\u2082(g) + O\u2082(g) \u2192 2 H\u2082O(g)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The H\u2082\/O\u2082 recombination is considered in the model as a<span> <\/span><strong>a distinct secondary process relative to the investigation of the H\u2083O\u207a\/OH\u207b ionic state.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Any initiation by means of a spark constitutes an activation mechanism for the transformation and must be included in the overall energy balance.<\/p>\n<p>The energy associated with H\u2082\/O\u2082 recombination must therefore be evaluated together with the energy required for the formation, separation, maintenance, and management of the species involved.<\/p>\n<p>V7.0-R&amp;D does not assume that the presence of H\u2082\/O\u2082 inherently constitutes the primary source of available energy.<\/p>\n<h1>ENERGY \u00b7 EXERGY \u00b7 TRANSFER<\/h1>\n<p>The model distinguishes between:<\/p>\n<h3><strong>ENERGY OF THE TRANSFORMATION \u2192 EXERGY ASSOCIATED WITH THE STATE AND OPERATING CONDITIONS \u2192 ENERGY TRANSFER \u2192 PRESSURE \/ MECHANICAL WORK \u2192 ELECTROMECHANICAL CONVERSION \u2192 ELECTRICAL ENERGY<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The objective of V7.0-R&amp;D is to determine what fraction of the energy and exergy potential<span> <\/span><strong>actually associated with the source<\/strong><span> <\/span>can be transferred and converted through the toroidal architecture.<\/p>\n<p>Exergy must be determined relative to defined reference thermodynamic conditions and based on the experimentally characterized properties of the source.<\/p>\n<h1>PROJECT STATUS<\/h1>\n<h3>DEVELOPMENT ACHIEVED<\/h3>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"16\">\n<li>MATHEMATICAL MODELING<\/li>\n<li><span>GEOMETRIC AND KINEMATIC ANALYSIS<\/span><\/li>\n<li>HYDRAULIC AND DYNAMIC MODELING<\/li>\n<li>PRELIMINARY ELECTROMAGNETIC MODELING<\/li>\n<li>PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS<\/li>\n<li>Definition of the energy architecture<\/li>\n<li>Definition of the experimental verification methodology<\/li>\n<li>Establishment of the prototyping and validation pathway<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"17\">These elements provide the technical foundation for advancing V7.0-R&amp;D toward prototype development and characterization.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/17-Validazione-j-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/17-Validazione-j-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/17-Validazione-j-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/17-Validazione-j.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">04 \u2014 VALIDATION AND DEVELOPMENT<\/h1>\n<h2>FROM MODEL TO PROTOTYPE<\/h2>\n<p>V7.0-R&amp;D follows an integrated progression:<\/p>\n<p><strong>CAD \u2192 CFD \u2192 DYNAMICS \u2192 FEM \u2192 ELECTROMAGNETICS \u2192 THERMAL ANALYSIS \u2192 PROTOTYPE \u2192 MEASUREMENT \u2192 VALIDATION<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The experimental campaign will enable the correlation of the system&#8217;s key physical quantities with the model predictions.<\/p>\n<h2>MECHANICS AND FLUID DYNAMICS<\/h2>\n<p><strong>PRESSURE \u00b7 FLOW RATE \u00b7 POSITION \u00b7 VELOCITY \u00b7 ACCELERATION \u00b7 FORCE<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL<\/h2>\n<p><strong>VOLTAGE \u00b7 CURRENT \u00b7 POWER \u00b7 TEMPERATURE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Comparison between the model and the prototype will enable determination of the actual behavior of the architecture and its corresponding energy balance.<\/p>\n<h3>ROADMAP V7.0<\/h3>\n<p><strong>01 \u2014 GEOMETRY \u2192 02 \u2014 KINEMATICS \u2192 03 \u2014 HYDRAULIC NETWORK \u2192 04 \u2014 PRESSURE \u2192 05 \u2014 P\u2013V \u2192 06 \u2014 NET WORK \u2192 07 \u2014 DYNAMICS \u2192 08 \u2014 GENERATOR \u2192 09 \u2014 THREE-PHASE \u2192 10 \u2014 THERMAL \u2192 11 \u2014 SOURCE \u2192 12 \u2014 VALIDATION<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>DESIGN GATE<\/h3>\n<p><strong>G0 \u2014 GEOMETRY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G1 \u2014 KINEMATICS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G2 \u2014 HYDRAULICS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G3 \u2014 P\u2013V<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G4 \u2014 MECHANICS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G5 \u2014 ELECTROMAGNETISM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G6 \u2014 ENERGY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G7 \u2014 PROTOTYPE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>G8 \u2014 SOURCE + INTEGRATED VALIDATION<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Each gate represents a development stage of the architecture and is associated with technical criteria, measurable data, and verifiable results.<\/p>\n<h3>PERFORMANCE CRITERION<\/h3>\n<p>The outcome of V7.0-R&amp;D will be determined by the consistency among:<\/p>\n<ul data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"18\">\n<li>source behavior;<\/li>\n<li>dynamic stability;<\/li>\n<li>fluid-dynamic performance;<\/li>\n<li>electromechanical conversion;<\/li>\n<li>energy balance;<\/li>\n<li>independent measurements;<\/li>\n<li>measurement uncertainty;<\/li>\n<li>experimental repeatability;<\/li>\n<li>consistency between the model and the prototype.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"19\">The achievable electrical power will therefore be determined by the <strong>experimentally measured performance of the system as a whole.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>P\u2091 IS NOT AN INPUT<\/h3>\n<h3>P\u2091 IS A QUANTITY TO BE DETERMINED<\/h3>\n<p>The electrical power actually obtainable will be determined through the following progression:<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u209borg \u2192 \u0394P \u2192 Q \u2192 W\u1d3e\u2c7d \u2192 W\u2098\u2091cc,net \u2192 W\u1d31\u1d39 \u2192 E\u2091 \u2192 P\u2091<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The result will emerge from the relationship between:<\/p>\n<p><strong>SOURCE \u2192 TRANSFORMATION \u2192 MOTION \u2192 CONVERSION \u2192 MEASUREMENT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Electrical power is therefore not assumed to be an automatic consequence of the model, but constitutes<span> <\/span><strong>the final quantity to be determined experimentally.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h1>V7.0-R&amp;D<\/h1>\n<h3>FROM NUMERICAL FEASIBILITY TO EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION<\/h3>\n<p><strong>TGT R&amp;D \u00b7 ENGINEERING \u00b7 SCIENCE \u00b7 INNOVATION<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>The potential of V7.0-R&amp;D is not defined solely by the nominal value of the initial configuration, but by the architecture\u2019s ability to transfer, control, and convert the energy associated with the source in a measurable manner.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p><strong>V7.0-R&amp;D is designed to assess this feasibility through modeling, simulation, prototyping, measurement, and energy balance.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2 data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"4\">Project V8.2 \u2014 Experimental Study and Development<\/h2>\n<blockquote data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"5\">\n<p>Within the scope of the activities<span> <\/span>of research and<span> <\/span>were developed<span> <\/span>Several studies were conducted.<span> <\/span>and design configurations<span> <\/span>dedicated to potential<span> <\/span>systems for<span> <\/span>energy transition.<\/p>\n<p>Among these is<span> <\/span>the<span> <\/span><strong>Project V8.2<\/strong>, a theoretical study<span> <\/span>concerning a<span> <\/span>three-phase toroidal system<span> <\/span>with hydraulic recirculation<span> <\/span>and electromagnetic energy conversion.<\/p>\n<p>The configuration shown<span> <\/span>below represents<span> <\/span>one of the configurations developed<span> <\/span>design configurations developed<span> <\/span>and incorporates into a single configuration<span> <\/span>in a concise form, the architecture, sizing, and modeling<span> <\/span>physical modeling and energy analysis<span> <\/span>and key parameters<span> <\/span>of the design.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The project is currently under investigation and does not constitute an experimentally validated technology.<\/strong><span> <\/span>The reported quantities<span> <\/span>shown in the infographic are derived from<span> <\/span>from assumptions and models<span> <\/span>and theoretical calculations<span> <\/span>and have yet to be<span> <\/span>undergo<span> <\/span>experimental validation.<\/p>\n<p>The subsequent phase<span> <\/span>of development will require<span> <\/span>the<span> <\/span><strong>the assessment of feasibility, the development of a prototype, the execution of experimental tests, and the acquisition of instrumental measurements<\/strong> required to determine<span> <\/span>the actual performance<span> <\/span>of the system and<span> <\/span>to verify the balance<span> <\/span>overall energy balance.<\/p>\n<p>The experimental results<span> <\/span>may confirm or modify<span> <\/span>or, where applicable, refute<span> <\/span>the formulated hypotheses<span> <\/span>put forward in the study.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><div class=\"w-image align_center\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/26-V8-2-Project-j-eng-1024x683.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/26-V8-2-Project-j-eng-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/26-V8-2-Project-j-eng-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/26-V8-2-Project-j-eng.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"8\">Caption:<\/p>\n<blockquote data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"9\">\n<p><strong>V8.2 \u2013 Theoretical reference configuration and main design parameters.<\/strong><br \/>\nThe reported values represent theoretical results and preliminary design assumptions and do not constitute experimentally validated performance.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">RELATED SCIENTIFIC SECTION<\/h1>\n<h3>STATE OF THE ART \u2014 H\u2083O\u207a \u00b7 OH\u207b \u00b7 PROTON TRANSFER \u00b7 NEUTRALIZATION<\/h3>\n<p>Scientific research has investigated H\u2083O\u207a and OH\u207b under a range of physical conditions, from solvation in liquid water and water\u2013solid and water\u2013vapor interfaces to the neutralization of isolated ions in the gas phase.<\/p>\n<p>The references provided below are used exclusively to document the<span> <\/span><strong>specific physicochemical phenomena.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>They do not constitute validation of V7.0-R&amp;D.<\/p>\n<h4>2011 \u2014 RECOMBINATION OF H\u2083O\u207a AND OH\u207b IN WATER<\/h4>\n<p>Hassanali, Prakash, Eshet, and Parrinello investigated the microscopic mechanism of H\u2083O\u207a and OH\u207b recombination in liquid water using ab initio molecular dynamics.<\/p>\n<p>The study shows that neutralization is associated with a collective reorganization of the hydrogen-bond network and a concerted proton transfer. The process occurs on a picosecond timescale.<\/p>\n<p>The study provides a reference framework for the<span> <\/span><strong>microscopic mechanism of neutralization in liquid water.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>It does not demonstrate macroscopic production of mechanical work or electrical energy.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22143756\/\">On the recombination of hydronium and hydroxide ions in water &#8211; PubMed<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h4>2015 \u2014 WATER DYNAMICS AROUND H\u2083O\u207a AND OH\u207b<\/h4>\n<p>Roy and Dang investigated the exchange dynamics of water molecules around H\u2083O\u207a and OH\u207b using molecular dynamics simulations.<\/p>\n<p>The study highlights differences in the solvation dynamics of the two species and provides a reference for understanding the relationship between<span> <\/span><span><strong>ions, water structure, and molecular mobility.<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnnl.gov\/publications\/water-exchange-dynamics-around-h3o-and-oh-ions?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Water exchange dynamics around H3O+ and OH- ions | Journal Article | PNNL<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h4>2020 \u2014 ION FORMATION AND MIGRATION AT INTERFACES<\/h4>\n<p>Lentz and Garofalini investigated the formation and migration of H\u2083O\u207a and OH\u207b at interfaces using molecular dynamics simulations.<span> <\/span><strong>water\/silica interfaces<\/strong><span> <\/span>and<span> <\/span><strong>water\/vapor interfaces<\/strong><span> <\/span>under a static electric field.<\/p>\n<p>The study shows that interfacial conditions and the electric field can influence the structure of water and the distribution of ionic species.<\/p>\n<p>This reference is particularly relevant to the study of systems in which the following coexist:<\/p>\n<p><strong>WATER \u00b7 GAS\/VAPOR \u00b7 SURFACES \u00b7 ELECTRIC FIELDS \u00b7 IONIC SPECIES<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>In this case as well, the result concerns the physicochemical behavior of the species and does not constitute evidence of macroscopic energy production.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/cp\/article-abstract\/22\/39\/22537\/680352\/Formation-and-migration-of-H3O-and-OH-ions-at-the?redirectedFrom=fulltext\">Formation and migration of H3O+ and OH\u2212 ions at the water\/silica and water\/vapor interfaces under the influence of a static electric field: a molecular dynamics study | Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics | The Royal Society of Chemistry<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h4>2023 \u2014 FORMATION OF H\u2083O\u207a AND OH\u207b IN THE GAS PHASE<\/h4>\n<p>Catone, Castrovilli, Nicolanti, Satta, and Cartoni investigated the formation of H\u2083O\u207a and OH\u207b through reactions involving<span> <\/span><strong>CO\u2082 e N\u2082O<\/strong><span> <\/span>under conditions representative of the atmospheric environment.<\/p>\n<p>The study is relevant because it documents processes leading to the formation of ionic species in<span> <\/span><strong>the gas phase<\/strong>, distinguishing this behavior from the simple autoionization of liquid water.<\/p>\n<p><span>The reference is relevant to the gas-phase component of the V7.0-R&amp;D system, but it does not demonstrate the specific energy-conversion mechanism proposed by the project.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/cp\/article\/25\/37\/25619\/801644\/Formation-of-H3O-and-OH-by-CO2-and-N2O-trace-gases\">Formation of H3O+ and OH by CO2 and N2O trace gases in the atmospheric environment\u2020 | Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics | The Royal Society of Chemistry<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h4>2024 \u2014 NEUTRALIZATION OF ISOLATED H\u2083O\u207a AND OH\u207b<\/h4>\n<p>Bogot and co-workers experimentally investigated the mutual neutralization of isolated H\u2083O\u207a and OH\u207b using the DESIREE facility.<\/p>\n<p>The study identified multiple product channels and showed that gas-phase neutralization can involve<span> <\/span><strong>electron transfer and proton transfer,<\/strong> rather than being represented simply as a single pathway:<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u2083O\u207a + OH\u207b \u2192 2 H\u2082O<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This result is particularly important for V7.0-R&amp;D because it demonstrates that the<span> <\/span><strong>microscopic pathway of neutralization depends on the physical conditions of the system.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Consequently, the H\u2083O\u207a\/OH\u207b transformation must be experimentally characterized under the specific conditions of the project.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38236956\/\">The mutual neutralization of hydronium and hydroxide &#8211; PubMed<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<h3>RELATED SCIENTIFIC FRAMEWORK<\/h3>\n<p>The references cited above allow four distinct levels to be identified:<\/p>\n<h3>01 \u2014 FORMATION<\/h3>\n<p><strong>H\u2082O \u21cc H\u2083O\u207a + OH\u207b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The formation of ionic species depends on the physicochemical conditions of the system.<\/p>\n<h3>02 \u2014 SOLVATION AND PROTON TRANSFER<\/h3>\n<p><strong>H\u2083O\u207a \/ OH\u207b \u2192 PROTON TRANSFER \u2192 TRANSPORT<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The dynamics of the ionic species depend on the molecular environment and the structure of water.<\/p>\n<h3>03 \u2014 INTERFACES<\/h3>\n<p><strong>SURFACE + WATER + GAS\/VAPOR + ELECTRIC FIELD<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Interfaces can alter the distribution and dynamics of ionic species.<\/p>\n<h3>04 \u2014 NEUTRALIZATION<\/h3>\n<p><strong>H\u2083O\u207a + OH\u207b \u2192 NEUTRALIZATION PRODUCTS<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The actual path depends on the physical conditions and the underlying microscopic mechanism.<\/p>\n<h3>SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES<\/h3>\n<ol data-assistant-stream-block=\"\" data-assistant-stream-block-index=\"20\">\n<li><strong>Hassanali, A.; Prakash, M. K.; Eshet, H.; Parrinello, M. (2011)<\/strong><span> <\/span>\u2014<span> <\/span><em>On the recombination<span> <\/span>of hydronium and<span> <\/span>hydroxide ions in<span> <\/span>water<\/em>.<span> <\/span><strong>Proceedings of the<span> <\/span>National Academy of<span> <\/span>Sciences, 108(51), 20410\u201320415.<\/strong><span> <\/span>DOI: 10.1073\/pnas.1112486108.<strong>Roy, S.; Dang, L. X. (2015)<\/strong><span> <\/span>\u2014<span> <\/span><em>Water exchange dynamics<span> <\/span>around H\u2083O\u207a and OH\u207b ions<\/em>.<span> <\/span><strong>Chemical Physics Letters, 628, 30\u201334.<\/strong><span> <\/span>DOI: 10.1016\/j.cplett.2015.04.002.<span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22143756\/\">On the recombination of hydronium and hydroxide ions in water &#8211; PubMed<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Lentz, J.; Garofalini, S. H. (2020)<\/strong><span> <\/span>\u2014<span> <\/span><em>Formation and migration<span> <\/span>of H\u2083O\u207a and OH\u207b ions<span> <\/span>at the water\/silica and water\/vapor interfaces under<span> <\/span>the influence of<span> <\/span>a static electric<span> <\/span>field: a molecular<span> <\/span>dynamics study<\/em>.<span> <\/span><strong>Physical Chemistry Chemical<span> <\/span>Physics, 22, 22537\u201322548.<\/strong><span> <\/span>DOI: 10.1039\/D0CP03656K.<span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnnl.gov\/publications\/water-exchange-dynamics-around-h3o-and-oh-ions?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">Water exchange dynamics around H3O+ and OH- ions | Journal Article | PNNL<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Catone, D.; Castrovilli, M. C.; Nicolanti, F.; Satta, M.; Cartoni, A. (2023)<\/strong><span> <\/span>\u2014<span> <\/span><em>Formation of H\u2083O\u207a and OH<span> <\/span>by CO\u2082 and<span> <\/span>N\u2082O trace<span> <\/span>gases in the<span> <\/span>atmospheric environment<\/em>.<span> <\/span><strong>Physical Chemistry Chemical<span> <\/span>Physics, 25, 25619\u201325628.<\/strong><span> <\/span>DOI: 10.1039\/D3CP02427J.<span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/cp\/article-abstract\/22\/39\/22537\/680352\/Formation-and-migration-of-H3O-and-OH-ions-at-the?redirectedFrom=fulltext\">Formation and migration of H3O+ and OH\u2212 ions at the water\/silica and water\/vapor interfaces under the influence of a static electric field: a molecular dynamics study | Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics | The Royal Society of Chemistry<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Bogot, A.; Poline, M.; Ji, M. C.; Dochain, A.; Simonsson, A.; Ros\u00e9n, S.; Zettergren, H.; Schmidt, H. T.; Thomas, R. D.; Strasser, D. (2024)<\/strong><span> <\/span>\u2014<span> <\/span><em>The mutual neutralization<span> <\/span>of hydronium and<span> <\/span>hydroxide<\/em>.<span> <\/span><strong>Science, 383(6680), 285\u2013289.<\/strong><span> <\/span>DOI: 10.1126\/science.adk1950.<span><span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/cp\/article\/25\/37\/25619\/801644\/Formation-of-H3O-and-OH-by-CO2-and-N2O-trace-gases\">Formation of H3O+ and OH by CO2 and N2O trace gases in the atmospheric environment\u2020 | Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics | The Royal Society of Chemistry<br \/>\n<\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Bogot, A.; Poline, M.; Ji, M. C.; Dochain, A.; Simonsson, A.; Ros\u00e9n, S.; Zettergren, H.; Schmidt, H. T.; Thomas, R. D.; Strasser, D. (2024)<\/strong> \u2014 <em>The mutual neutralization of hydronium and hydroxide<\/em>. <strong>Science, 383(6680), 285\u2013289.<\/strong> DOI: 10.1126\/science.adk1950.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38236956\/\">The mutual neutralization of hydronium and hydroxide &#8211; PubMed<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_grid cols_1 laptops-cols_inherit tablets-cols_inherit mobiles-cols_1 valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container type_sticky\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"w-separator size_small\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><div class=\"wpb_column vc_column_container us_custom_2c45f91b\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column us_custom_e1ac95b1 has_text_color\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"If something can&#8217;t be done, we make it happen. Three-Phase Toroidal System \u2014 V7.0-R&amp;D &nbsp; FEASIBILITY STUDY \u00b7 MODELING \u00b7 SIMULATION \u00b7 PROTOTYPING \u00b7 EXPERIMENTAL VALIDATION The Three-Phase Toroidal System V7.0-R&amp;D is a research and development project focused on the study of an integrated energy conversion system based on a three-phase toroidal architecture. The architecture...","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":424,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1984","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Three-Phase Toroidal System - Think Green Technologies<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Three-Phase Toroidal System - Think Green Technologies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Think Green Technologies\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-16T09:56:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"15 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/energy-transition\\\/ring-generator\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/energy-transition\\\/ring-generator\\\/\",\"name\":\"Three-Phase Toroidal System - Think Green Technologies\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-10T16:38:27+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-16T09:56:19+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/energy-transition\\\/ring-generator\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/energy-transition\\\/ring-generator\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/energy-transition\\\/ring-generator\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/home-2\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"ENERGY TRANSITION\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/energy-transition\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Three-Phase Toroidal System\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Think Green Technologies\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Three-Phase Toroidal System - Think Green Technologies","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Three-Phase Toroidal System - Think Green Technologies","og_url":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/","og_site_name":"Think Green Technologies","article_modified_time":"2026-09-16T09:56:19+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"15 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/","url":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/","name":"Three-Phase Toroidal System - Think Green Technologies","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-09-10T16:38:27+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-16T09:56:19+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/ring-generator\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/home-2\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"ENERGY TRANSITION","item":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/energy-transition\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Three-Phase Toroidal System"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/","name":"Think Green Technologies","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1984","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1984"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1984\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2050,"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1984\/revisions\/2050"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/424"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinkgreentechnologies.ch\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1984"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}